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Growing onions Guide 
A Quick Overview



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Growing onions quick reference guide



Growing onions Guide

The growing onions quick reference guide below is designed as a quick overview of growing onions. For more details on the different stages from seed to harvest go to the related pages link.

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Quick Reference Guide






Veggie Garden Dairy
Vegetable Onions
Also Known As
Botanical Family - Alliaceae, Genus - Allium, Species - A. cepa
Plant Type Cool season - biennial - root vegetable
Frost Tolerance Hardy
Planting Position Sunny - Will tolerate some shade throughout growing season - requires a minimum of 4-6 hours of direct sunlight daily.
Seed Viability 1 year
Germination 10-14 days at 40-80 F (4-27 C)
Growing Temp 50-70 F (10-21 C)
Seed to Transplant 8-10 weeks
Planting Method Direct sow seed - seedling transplants - onion sets
When to Plant Fall or Spring
Time to Plant As soon as 2 - 4 weeks before the average date of the last 32 F (0 C) freeze in the spring in your area but not before soil temperatures are consistently 40 F (4 C) and above.
Seed Sowing Direct sowing onion seeds - 1/2 inch (12 mm) deep - 1 inch (25 mm) apart in rows 10 inches (25 cm) apart - thin to 4 inches (10 cm) apart in row
Plant Spacing Plant onion sets and transplants - 1 inch (25 mm) deep - 4 inches (10 cm) apart in rows 10 inches (25 cm) apart.
Soil Conditions Well drained - Low to moderate organic matter - Medium fertility
Fertilizer Medium fertilizer needs, 3-4 quarts per 100 sq feet (3.3-4.4 liters per 9.3 square meters) preplanting of all purpose organic fertilizer 5-5-5, same rate for each side dressing.
When to Fertilize 2 weeks before sowing or transplanting - side-dress when the bulbs begin to swell
Days to Harvest 100-120 days - depending on conditions and variety
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